The Relationship Between Cultural Beliefs in Postpartum Care and Maternal Mental Health in Traditional Communities in Makassar City

Abstract

Postpartum care practices are deeply influenced by cultural beliefs that shape the way mothers experience recovery after childbirth, both physically and emotionally. In traditional communities such as those in Makassar City, these beliefs play a central role in guiding maternal behavior and rituals during the postpartum period. While some traditional practices foster comfort and protection, others may impose restrictions that affect psychological well-being. Therefore, understanding how cultural beliefs influence maternal mental health is essential for nurses in delivering culturally sensitive and holistic postpartum care. Objective This study aimed to determine the relationship between cultural beliefs in postpartum care and maternal mental health among mothers in traditional communities in Makassar City. Methods A quantitative correlational research design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. The study involved 60 postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. Data on cultural beliefs were collected using a validated Cultural Postpartum Belief Questionnaire, while maternal mental health was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results The study revealed a significant negative correlation between strong adherence to traditional cultural beliefs and maternal mental health (r = -0.45, p = 0.001). Mothers who followed restrictive postpartum practices tended to experience higher emotional distress, while those who balanced cultural traditions with modern health practices showed better psychological adaptation. Conclusion Cultural beliefs significantly influence maternal mental health in traditional Makassar communities. Integrating cultural understanding into nursing care is crucial to support mothers’ physical and psychological well-being.