The Effectiveness of Birth Ball in Reducing Labor Pain

Abstract

Labor pain is a physiological process experienced by women during childbirth and often causes physical discomfort, anxiety, and emotional stress. Non-pharmacological interventions are increasingly recommended to reduce labor pain because they are safe, cost-effective, and easy to implement. One commonly used intervention is the birth ball, which helps mothers maintain comfort, improve pelvic mobility, and promote relaxation during labor.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of birth ball therapy in reducing labor pain among women during childbirth through a systematic review approach. Methods  This study used a systematic review design by analyzing published articles related to the effectiveness of birth ball interventions in reducing labor pain. Literature searches were conducted through electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Articles published between 2019 and 2025 were included based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected studies focused on pregnant women in the active phase of labor and examined pain reduction outcomes after birth ball intervention. Data from eligible studies were analyzed descriptively to identify patterns and summarize findings. Results The review found that the use of a birth ball significantly reduced labor pain intensity and improved maternal comfort during childbirth. Several studies also reported that birth ball exercises enhanced maternal relaxation, reduced anxiety, improved labor progress, and increased satisfaction with the childbirth experience. The intervention was considered safe, simple, and effective when applied during the active phase of labor. Conclusion Birth ball therapy is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for reducing labor pain and improving maternal comfort during childbirth. Its application can be recommended as supportive care in maternity and midwifery practice.